Web administrators are a subset of system administrators because they work specifically with the Internet, rather than with computers at large. Qualified Web administrators must have deep knowledge of Web site programming languages such as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and JavaScript. They must also be familiar with operating systems such as UNIX, Microsoft Office SharePoint, and Windows NT/2000/XP. Many of them are also fluent in word-processing programs such as Microsoft Office and can program Web sites for various Web servers, including Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape, and Safari.
Web administrators rely on more creative skills after they have set up the Web site account. These skills involve designing the Web site in coherence with the business’s vision. Besides acting as Web architects, Web administrators also act as the user support for a Web site, replying to questions or concerns put forth by Web site users. When there is Web site malfunctioning, it falls to Web administrators to figure out the problem and solve it to the best of their knowledge. Web administrators also provide technical support to company writers and editors who work for the Web site. If they are the heads of their company’s Informational Technology (IT) department, these administrators often develop Web site budgets and test new software packages to boost Web site efficiency.
When setting up a Web site, Web administrators implement security applications to prevent hackers and viruses from infiltrating the Web site. To achieve this security, they install applications that protect Web-server security, especially Transport Layer Security (TLS, also called Secure Sockets Layer). TLS uses cryptograms to provide authenticity and privacy during certain interactions between the user and the server, such as data-entry actions or financial transactions. Another type of security-software Web administrators install is a firewall, which filters Web site traffic and blocks potential hackers.
After installing a secure foundation for the Web site, Web administrators then consult with business heads to decide the overall design and features of the Web site. For instance, they usually install a home page, a contacts page, a merchandise page, and perhaps a search engine for the site. Web administrators often use Web-creation technologies such as Adobe Dreamweaver to develop the site and collaborate with their supervisors to modify the site as needed throughout the designing process. After finishing the initial design, the administrator tests the site’s functionality and user-friendliness. After management gives the final consent, the administrator launches the Web site.
From that point, Web administrators are responsible for reviewing the site’s daily traffic and for performing necessary troubleshooting. They report daily traffic to company managers and keep up-to-date on newer Web site technologies that the company may want to adopt. Many times, Web administrators also use written and editorial skills to fix any errors on the Web site. Web administrators also modify or enlarge the Web site when the company initiates special projects, such as e-marketing for special events.
Besides working with the Internet, Web administrators may also set up an Intranet system. This type of system is a network operated exclusively within a business or organization. Many large corporations, such as banks, employ Web administrators to design an Intranet tailored to their company’s operations. International corporations and organizations additionally use Intranet to promote a sense of togetherness among their widely dispersed staff. In designing an Intranet, Web administrators pay close attention to security, especially since businesses transmit confidential information throughout the network.
To create an Intranet platform, Web administrators can choose from a number of software programs, including Microsoft Office SharePoint, Lotus Notes, and Oracle. They often design sections for employee orientation, company manuals, stock quotes, calendars, databases, and employee directories. Many Web administrators alternate designing company Intranet systems and company Web sites.
Many Web administrators hold at least an associate’s degree in an IT field, such as computer science or graphic design. Many others also have a bachelor’s degree in an IT field. Larger corporations may demand a bachelor’s degree plus an MBA with a focus on technology, since they want their Web administrators to know the daily operations of a major business. Furthermore, Web administrators can seek certification in computer programs, such as SharePoint and Dreamweaver.
Entry-level administrators can expect to make at least $35,000 after one year, and about $55,000 after five years. Senior-level administrators, especially those who work for Fortune 500 companies, can easily claim a six-figure salary.
Successful Web administrators also seek out practical training before they apply for entry-level jobs, as many entry-level jobs require proven hands-on experience. They additionally must demonstrate interpersonal skills, communications skills, problem-solving skills, and a critical eye. Web administrators with the highest level of education, certification in multiple computer programs and applications, and practical experience stand the best chance for employment.
Web administrator jobs are rapidly escalating as more companies adopt Internet and Intranet programs and need people to manage them. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Web administrator jobs will grow at a minimum rate of 16 percent between 2006 and 2016. Furthermore, new positions may suddenly rise as new technologies are released into the market and are purchased by businesses.
